| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2023 | Volume
: 28
| Issue : 3 | Page : 194-205 |
Propranolol for vascular anomalies: Efficacy and complications in pediatric patients
Rahul Gupta
Department of Paediatric Surgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Correspondence Address:
Rahul Gupta
Associate Professor, Department of Paediatric Surgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_117_22
Context: Congenital vascular anomalies are classically subdivided into vascular tumors and vascular malformations. The role of propranolol in the regression of infantile hemangioma (IH), a vascular tumor, is well establishe.
Aims: This study aimed to analyze the therapeutic efficacy and complications associated with oral propranolol and adjuvant therapy in the treatment of vascular anomalies.
Settings and Design: A prospective interventional study was undertaken over 10 years duration extending from 2012 to 2022 at a tertiary care teaching institute.
Materials and Methods: All children with cutaneous hemangiomas and lymphatic and venous malformations under 12 years of age, except those with contraindications for administration of propranolol, were included in the study.
Results: Out of 382 patients, there were 159 males and 223 females (male: female = 1:1.4). The majority (53.66%) were between ≥3 months and 1 year. There were 481 lesions in 382 patients. There were 348 patients with IH, and 11 were congenital hemangiomas (CHs). There were 23 patients with vascular malformations; lymphatic malformation (n = 19) and venous malformation (n = 4) were present. The size of the lesions ranged from 5 mm to 20 cm; 50.73% were 2–5 cm in size. Ulceration (>5 mm) was the most common complication present in 20/382 (5.24%) patients. Complications related to oral propranolol were seen in 23 (6.02%) patients. Drugs were given for a mean period of 10 months (range from 5 months to 2 years). At the end of the study, 282 (81.03%) out of 348 patients with IH showed an excellent response; 4 (36.36%) patients in the case of CH (n = 11) and 5 (21.74%) patients with vascular malformation (n = 23) showed excellent response.
Conclusion: The study validates the use of propranolol hydrochloride as the first-line agent for the treatment of IHs and congenital hemangiomas. It may have an additive role in lymphatic malformations, and venous malformations, as a part of a multimodality treatment approach for vascular malformations.
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